There are seven recognized Southern Athapaskan tribes. Of these, we have already discussed one (the Navajo), and two (the Kiowa-Apache and the Lipan Apache, who lived in what is now the Texas panhandle and central Texas) will not be covered in this class because they are located outside the Southwestern geographical area. The remaining four Apachean groups will be covered in this module; these are the Jicarilla Apache, the Mescalero Apache, the Chiricahua Apache, and the Western Apache. These groups share broadly similar cultural patterns but differ in terms of specific adaptations and elements borrowed from other cultures. The Apache are probably best known for their prowess in battle and their skill in eluding capture. Led by such men as Cochise and Geronimo, they were the last of the Native Americans to be subdued and moved to reservations.
Required Reading
- Griffin-Pierce Chapter 9
- Film- Geronimo: We Shall Remain. 60 minutes (streams through the library)
Learning Objects
- Students will be able to name the four different Apache "tribes" discussed here, describe their major differences, and explain why those differences existed
- Students will be able to describe the Apache worldview and ceremonial practices
- Students will be able to describe the major historical events that affected the Apache
- Students will be able to explain the importance of raiding and warfare to the Apache people
- Students will be able to define major terms and concepts relevant to understanding the Apache culture
Major Concepts and Terms
- Tipi
- Wickiup
- Monster Slayer
- White Painted Woman
- Priestcraft
- Shamanism
- Gaan
- Crown Dancers
- Sunrise Ceremony
- Cochise
- Apache Wars
- Geronimo
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